Jumat, 17 September 2010

The Nation State and Global Order: A Historical Introduction to Contemporary Politics


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Walter C. Opello, Stephen J. Rosow
Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2004 - 319 pages

This engaging introduction to contemporary politics examines the historical construction of the modern territorial state. Opello and Rosow fuse accounts of governing practices, technological change, political economy, language, and culture into a narrative of the formation of specific state forms.

Theory and Evidence in Comparative Politics and International Relation


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Richard Ned Lebow, Mark Irving Lichbach
Palgrave Macmillan, 2007 - 290pages

This book explores the epistemology and the methodology of political knowledge and social inquiry. What can we know, and how do we know? Friedrich V. Kratochwil and Ted Hopf question all foundational claims of inquiry and envisage science as a self-reflective practice. Brian Pollins and Fred Chernoff accept their arguments to some degree and explore the implications for logical positivism. David A. Waldner, Jack Levy, and Andrew Lawrence address the purpose and methods of research. They debate the role of explanation versus prediction, the relationship of theory to evidence, and their implications for the Democratic Peace research program. A concluding chapter by Mark Lichbach offers a pluralistic reformulation of neopositivism. An alternative conclusion by Steven Bernstein, Richard Ned Lebow, Janice Gross Stein and Steven Weber contends that social science should be modeled on medicine and reformulated as a set of case-based diagnostic tools. The distinguishing feature of the book is the inclusion of authors who represent different approaches to social science and their willingness to engage with one another in a constructive debate

The Study of World Politics Volume 1 : Theoritical and Methodological Challenges



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James N. Rosenau
Routledge, 2006 - 301pages

"The Study of World Politics "is two volume set that presents thirty-nine essays of some two hundred essays authored by Professor James Rosenau, a renowned international political theorist. They include both articles recently published and those that have not previously been published. All of them focus on the theme of the study of world politics, with the twenty-three articles in this volume devoted to probing theoretical and methodological challenges. This volume is divided into five parts and address such issues as: - The challenge of World Politics - The Professional Political Scientist - Methods - Concepts and Theories - The Analysis of Foreign Policy Included in this collection is perhaps James Rosenau's most widely-read essay, "Pre-Theories and Theories of Foreign Policy" as well as several essays that articulate various dimensions of global governance and how they are shaped by the dynamics of globalization. These articles are marked by unique and imaginative formulations which break with a number of conventional approaches employed in the fields of international relations and foreign policy. "The Study of World Politics "provides the reader with access for the first time to a collection of James Rosenau's outstanding scholarship, making this an invaluable book to students and academics with interests in politics.

The Study of World Politics Volume 2 : Globalization and Governance


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James N. Rosenau
Routledge, 2006 - 260pages

"The Study of World Politics, Volume II: Globalization and Governance "is the second and final volume of a collection of essays by James Rosenau. James Rosenau's work is known for originality and clarity and the sixteen articles in this volume are no exception. The aim of this volume is to address the specific challenges posed by globalization and governance. The Issues covered in this book include: - The Challenge - tensions, contradictions, outcomes and global affairs - The Profession - community, globalized space and international relations - Globalization - complexities, contradictions and theory - Governance - understanding and future" The Study of World Politics "is the product of one of the most innovative scholars in the last half century and the subjects addressed provide the big picture whilst also being meticulous in detail. This volume gives the reader an unparalleled understanding of globalization and governance and is an invaluabletool to students and scholars alike.""

Theory of International Politics



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Kenneth Neal Waltz
Waveland Press, 2010 - 251pages

Reader Review
This work remains important and resonant in some truly impressive and surprising ways. I would have more confidence in the success of Waltz's attainment of a true international "systems-theory" though, if a greater part of the analysis didn't come across today as relentlessly presentist (circa 1978) without any touch of imagination as to how the world might change or evolve. While he claims to address multiple different international structures, he really only credibly addresses one, that of bipolarity - albeit with great depth and conviction. Nonetheless, this work will continue to confront policy students for generations to come with the enormity of the challenge in contributing something new, explanatory, and useful to the theory of international politics.

The Comparative Political Economy of Development: Africa and South Africa



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Judith Heyer
Routledge, 2010 - 358pages

This book illustrates the enduring relevance and vitality of the comparative political economy of development approach promoted among others by a group of social scientists in Oxford in the 1980s and 1990s. Contributors demonstrate the viability of this approach as researchers and academics become more convinced of the inadequacies of orthodox approaches to the understanding of development.

Detailed case material obtained from comparative field research in Africa and South Asia informs analyses of exploitation in agriculture; the dynamics of rural poverty; seasonality; the non farm economy; class formation; labour and unfreedom; the gendering of the labour force; small scale production and contract farming; social networks in industrial clusters; stigma and discrimination in the rural and urban economy and its politics. Reasoned policy suggestions are made and an analysis of the comparative political economy of development approach is applied to the situation of Africa and South Asia.

Aptly presenting the relation between theory and empirical material in a dynamic and interactive way, the book offers meaningful and powerful explanations of what is happening in the continent of Africa and the sub-continent of South Asia today. It will be of interest to researchers in the fields of development studies, rural sociology, political economy, policy and practice of development and Indian and African studies.

Reason and Horror: Critical Theory, Democracy and Aesthetic Individuality


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Morton Schoolman
Routledge, 2001 - 348pages

What is it that makes humankind capable of genocide? What can we do to create a world without large-scale crimes against humanity? In "Reason and Horror, " Schoolman labors to find an antidote to the relentlessly destructive and seemingly irreversible path of violence on which the history of enlightenment placed modernity. Offering a fascinating new interpretation of Horkheimer and Adorno's monumental study, "Dialectic of Enlightenment," their classic written during the Nazi Holocaust, Schoolman reconstructs their arguments about individuality before the Holocaust, and then develops their ideas through the great works of Friedrich Nietzsche, Walt Whitman, and Alexis De Tocqueville. Schoolman shows that it is "democracy" that fosters the aesthetic qualities Horkheimer and Adorno believed necessary to oppose the enlightenment rationality responsible for genocide. Schoolman's stunning and controversial solution to avoiding crimes against humanity is that its nations must foster a democratic way of life, because the aesthetic form of individuality able to stem the violence of genocidal extermination can flourish only under democracy.

Racism: A Very Short Introduction



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Ali Rattansi
Oxford University Press, 2007 - 194 pages

From subtle discrimination in everyday life, to horrors like lynching in the Old South, cultural imperialism, and "ethnic cleansing", racism exists in many different forms, in almost every facet of society. Despite civil rights movements and other attempts at progress, racial prejudices and stereotypes remain deeply embedded in Western culture. Racism takes a frank and objective look at why these notions exist. It explores how racism has come to be so firmly established, and looks at how race, ethnicity, and xenophobia are related. This book incorporates the latest research to demystify the subject of racism and explore its history, science, and culture. It sheds light not only on how racism has evolved since its earliest beginnings, but also explores the numerous embodiments of racism, highlighting the paradox of its survival, despite the scientific discrediting of the notion of 'race' with the latest advances in genetics. As encompassing as it is concise, Racism is a valuable guide to one of the world's most destructive problems.

Territory: A Short Introduction


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David Delaney
Wiley-Blackwell, 2005 - 165 pages

This short introduction conveys the complexities associated with the term "territory" in a clear and accessible manner. It surveys the field and brings theory to ground in the case of Palestine.

The First World War: A Very Short Introduction


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Michael Howard
Oxford University Press, 2007 - 134pages
 
By the time the First World War ended in 1918, eight million people had died in what had been perhaps the most apocalyptic episode the world had known. This Very Short Introduction provides a concise and insightful history of the Great War--from the state of Europe in 1914, to the role of the US, the collapse of Russia, and the eventual surrender of the Central Powers. Examining how and why the war was fought, as well as the historical controversies that still surround the war, Michael Howard also looks at how peace was ultimately made, and describes the potent legacy of resentment left to Germany. This edition was previously published in paperback as The First World War .

The Holocaust and Antisemitism: A Short History



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Jocelyn Hellig
Oneworld, 2003 - 354 pages

This lucid and thought provoking introduction examines the roots of hatred towards Jewish people and culture from a unique interfaith perpective.

The Hinger Factor: How Chance and Stupidity Have Changed History


The Hinger Factor:
How Chance and Stupidity Have Changed History

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Erik Durschmied
Arcade, 2000 - 394pages

A fascinating and enlightening look at the absurd and bizarre events of battle that changed the course of history, from a respected journalist and military historian.

The Media and Political Change in Southeast Asia: Karaoke Culture and the Evolution of Personality Politics


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Jonathan Woodier
Edward Elgar Publishing, 2008 - 368pages

"Jonathan Woodier's latest work considers what impact the media has upon the democratization process in Southeast Asia. Has the media had a liberalizing effect or become subject to elite control in Southeast Asia and, if so, why? What role does the global media play in this process, particularly given its conglomerization and commoditization? By examining the communications media and its relationship to political change in Southeast Asia, this fascinating study will endeavour to provide both a regional comparative analysis and a more balanced interpretation of the mass communication media in the wake of 9/11. The book also investigates the durability of authoritarian regimes and the enduring capacity of the media-controlled state alongside the growing sophistication of political communications - particularly the use of PR consultants." "The book will be warmly welcomed by academics of politics, international relations, media, communications and PR. It will also appeal to researchers interested in political change, the rise of the global media giants and the influence of authoritarian states such as China."--BOOK JACKET.

Imperium: The Philosophy of History and Politics


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Fr"No other work in defense of the West possesses the eloquence, erudition, passion and mystique of Imperium. This prophetic masterwork is at once a clarion call to arms in defense of Europe and the West, and a sweeping historical-philosophical treatise in the Spenglerian mold.

A magisterial work of matchless prose, with historical insight on every page, it skewers Allied wartime propaganda, and philosophizes with a hammer in favor of a coming Western empire of "absolute politics."

Revilo P. Oliver, University of Illinois professor of classics, praised Imperium as "a work that we must study and ponder, if we would act intelligently in our time... The great value of Imperium is that it forces us to reconsider our position realistically. We cannot afford the least sentimentality or illusion; we must not equate words with deeds; we dare not mistake wishes for possibilities. Our situation is too desperate. ...If Imperium shocks us into a realization of how precarious are our chances of survival, and how hard we shall have to fight for everything that we have, it will mark an epoch in our history."

Tens of thousands of copies of Imperium have been sold worldwide, with foreign-language editions in Spanish, German, and Hungarian. For this handsome Noontide edition, Theodore J. O'Keefe provides an eloquent, informative introduction.

"In this book," writes Yockey, "are the precise, organic foundations of the Western soul, and in particular, its Imperative at the present stage."

"...What is written here is also for the true America, even though the effective America of the moment, and of the immediate future is a hostile America, an America of willing, mass-minded tools in the service of the Culture-distorting political and total enemy of the Western Civilization."

"The mission of this generation is the most difficult that has ever faced a Western generation. It must break the terror by which it is held in silence, it must look ahead, it must believe when there is apparently no hope, it must obey even if it means death, it must fight to the end rather than submit. ...The men of this generation must fight for the continued existence of the West..."

"The soil of Europe, rendered sacred by the streams of blood which have made it spiritually fertile for a millennium, will once again stream with blood until the barbarians and distorters have been driven out and the Western banner waves on its home soil from Gibraltar to North Cape, from the rocky promontories of Galway to the Urals."  driven out and the Western banner waves on its home soil from Gibraltar to North Cape, from the rocky promontories of Galway to the Urals."

The Renaissance: A Very Short Introduction



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Jerry Brotton
Oxford University Press, 2006 - 148pages

More than ever before, the Renaissance stands as one of the defining moments in world history. Between 1400 and 1600, European perceptions of society, culture, politics and even humanity itself emerged in ways that continue to affect not only Europe but the entire world. This wide-ranging exploration of the Renaissance sees the period as a time of unprecedented intellectual excitement and cultural experimentation and interaction on a global scale, alongside a darker side of religion, intolerance, slavery, and massive inequality of wealth and status. It guides the reader through the key issues that defined the period, from its art, architecture, and literature, to advancements in the fields of science, trade, and travel. In its incisive account of the complexities of the political and religious upheavals of the period, the book argues that Europe's reciprocal relationship with its eastern neighbours offers us a timely perspective on the Renaissance that still has much to teach us today.

Routledge Handbook of Political Management



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Dennis W. Johnson
Taylor & Francis, 2008 - 636pages

The Routledge Handbook of Political Management is a comprehensive overview of the field of applied politics, encompassing political consulting, campaigns and elections, lobbying and advocacy, grass roots politics, fundraising, media and political communications, the role of the parties, political leadership, and the ethical dimensions of public life. While most chapters focus on American politics and campaigns, there also are contributions on election campaigns in Europe, the Middle East, Russia, Australia, East Asia, and Latin America. In addition to a thorough treatment of campaign and elections, the authors discuss modern techniques, problems, and issues of advocacy, lobbying, and political persuasion, with a special emphasis throughout the volume on technology, the Internet, and online communications as political tools.Grounded in the disciplines of political science, political communications, and political marketing, the Routledge Handbook of Political Management explores the linkages between applied politics and social science theory. Leading American and international scholars and practitioners provide an exhaustive and up-to-date treatment of the state of this emerging field. This publication is major resource for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and scholars of campaigns, elections, advocacy, and applied politics, as well as for political management professionals.Dennis W. Johnson is Professor of Political Management and former Associate Dean of the Graduate School of Political Management, George Washington University. He is author of Congress Online , No Place for Amateurs , and The Laws that Shaped America (forthcoming) . He is also senior editor of the Journal of Political Marketing and serves on the editorial boards of the Journal of Information Technology and Politics and the Journal of Public Affairs . He is a member of the American Association of Political Consultants, the International Association of Political Consultants, and the European Association of Political Consultants.

The Syndicate: The Story of The Coming World Government


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Nicholas Hagger
O Books, 2004 - 446 pages

This highly topical and controversial work provides an alternative view of 20th century history. It describes the activities of a small group of men whose wealth and influence have been grossly underestimated. It gives the background to the war on terror, and points out the dangers in the increasing trend towards world government.

The Oxford Handbook of Contextual Political Analysis



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Robert E. Goodin, Charles Tilly
Oxford University Press, 2006 - 869pages

The Oxford Handbooks of Political Science is a ten-volume set of reference books offering authoritative and engaging critical overviews of the state of political science. This volume, The Oxford Handbook of Contextual Political Analysis, sets out to synthesize and critique for the first time those approaches to political science that offer a more fine-grained qualitative analysis of the political world. The work in the volume has a common aim in being sensitive to the thoughts of contextual nuances that disappear from large-scale quantitative modelling or explanations based on abstract, general, or universal laws of human behavior. It shows that "context matters" in a great many ways: philosophical context matters; psychological context matters; cultural and historical contexts matter; place, population, and technology all matter. By showcasing scholars who specialize in the analysis of all these contexts side-by-side, the Oxford Handbook of Contextual Political Analysis shows how political scientists can take those crucial contextual factors systematically into account.

The Oxford Essential Guide to Writing


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Thomas S. Kane
Oxford University Press, 2003 - 451pages

Whether you're composing a letter, writing a school thesis, or starting a novel, The Oxford Essential Guide to Writing offers expert advice on how to think more creatively, how to conjure up ideas from scratch, and how to express those ideas clearly and elegantly. No matter where you find yourself in the writing process - from the daunting blank page to the rough draft that needs shaping to the small but important questions of punctuation - you'll find what you need in this one handy, all-inclusive volume.

Twentieth-Century Britain: A Very Short Introduction



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Kenneth O. Morgan
Oxford University Press, 2000 - 128pages

The last century has been a tumultuous one for the culture and politics of Britain. Kenneth Morgan's Twentieth-Century Britain is a crisp analysis of the forces of consensus and conflict that have existed in Britain since the First World War. Using a wide variety of sources, including the records of political parties and recently released documents from Britain's Public Records Office, Kenneth Morgan covers the full scope of Britain's modern history while drawing thought-provoking comparisons with the post-war history of other nations. This penetrating analysis by a leading twentieth-century historian makes for fantastic reading for anyone interested in the development of modern Britain.

Winning Your Election the Wellstone Way: A Comprehensive Guide for Candidates and Campaign Workers


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Jeff Blodgett, Bill Lofy, Ben Goldfarb
U of Minnesota Press, 2008 - 289pages

As the 2008 presidential race dominates political discussion and media coverage worldwide, thousands of lesser-known local contests are being hard-fought in our neighborhoods, cities, and states. Winning Your Election the Wellstone Way  is based on the work of Wellstone Action, a leading-edge progressive training center that has instructed thousands of political activists, campaign managers, and volunteers, of whom more than two hundred have gone on to run for office and win. Jeff Blodgett and Bill Lofy analyze the crucial lessons learned from many successful (and several losing) campaigns and demystifies what it takes to run for—and win—a political seat.

This companion guide to Politics the Wellstone Way, the best-selling introduction to political action, features the in-depth knowledge that campaigns need to take energy and engagement to the next level—getting elected. With detailed and informative examples from progressive campaigns at every level throughout the United States, Winning Your Election the Wellstone Way combines grassroots organizing with political strategy, articulating a bold populist agenda.

If you have ever considered volunteering for a political candidate, working for a campaign, or even running for public office yourself, Winning Your Election the Wellstone Way  is the key resource you need to devise a sophisticated, progressive, and successful strategy and, ultimately, affect people’s lives for the better.

Nature, Justice and Rights in Aristotle's Politics



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Fred Dycus Miller
Oxford University Press, 1995 - 412pages

Reader Review at amazon.com
Miller would like to reclaim Aristotle for the modern world. In order to accomplish this task Miller has decided that he must ignore certain blatantly obvious factors in Aristotle which clash with the way we live today. This is most obvious in his poorly argued decision to attribute a theory of rights to Aristotle. Miller cites but ignores the fact that the language of rights did not appear until around the 13th century. He also ignores the context in which that language appeared. Instead, Miller choses to rely upon an abstract definition of rights by a 20th century academic, apparently not bothering to notice the problem of relying upon the definition of an accepted entity to prove that entity's existence at a point prior in time. In other words, Miller commits the logical fallacy of assuming the consequent to prove the antecedent eg. "a theory of rights contains x,y, and z"; "Aristotle speaks of x,y, and z therefore Aristotle must have had a theory of rights". There is an additional problem with Miller's attempt to argue the existence of rights in Aristotle: the definition he relies upon is so vague as to allow us to claim that both the Torah and Hammurabi's Code contained a theory of rights. As there is no credible evidence that such a thing ever existed within those documents this procedure is absurd. Furthermore, Miller's "defense" of his "hypothesis" amounts to little more than two or three footnote citations of other professors' works with the unilluminating claim that these articles are enough to answer the obvious questions regarding his approach. He does nothing to "refute" the readings of Strauss, Macintyre, or Irwin but sniff and shuffle some papers.

What Miller ultimately concludes is that Aristotle did not believe in pre-political right but only in a particular type of political or civil right which depended entirely upon the constitution of the polis. Since Aristotle *never* used the language of rights the best we can state is that Aristotle believed that the constitution of a polis gave its citizens both *priviledges* and duties. As the existence of the polis preceeds and superceeds the existence of any of its members it is silly to claim that citizens possess "rights". Since law tries to mimic justice and give to each his own as his ability warrants, there is no place for a "right" which would override the claims of justice embodied within the law. One could ask, "why make such a fuss since what Aristotle said regarding the claims of justice because it sounds alot like what we say when we speak of rights?" It is important to be clear about these things because a certain amount of Aristotle's politics is based upon his understanding of nature and the cosmos. Everything within the cosmos operates according to a set order except for the relations between men. Nature should be our guide since it appears to guide everything else but nature is silent about the proper role of man. For Aristotle, law is the attempt to complete the work of nature by taking it as a guide. There are no "rights" in nature so it would have been absurd for Aristotle to invent such a fiction. Aristotle choses to emphasize the constitution of the polis because it mimics on a human scale the order of the cosmos.

To be fair, the book starts off quite promising and it is only when Miller begins his descent into the morass of rights that things deteriorate. One can read this work and learn a little bit about Aristotle but, in the end, it is not a terribly good exposition of what he wrote. Miller paints us a portrait of the dead philosopher dressed in some rather bad beach wear and pretends that this is still the profound thinker who dominated medieval philosophy for 1,000 years. The final chapter of the book attempts to defend the relevance of Aristotle for today by using the language of the modern university and its obsession with -isms. This may be a way to gain tenure but it makes for poor scholarship.

Nelson Mandela: A Very Short Introduction


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Elleke Boehmer
Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., 2010 - 224pages

A remarkable statesman and one of the world’s longest-detained political prisoners (1964-90), Nelson Mandela has become an exemplary figure of anti-racist struggle and democracy, a moral giant. This fascinating and uncompromising biographical study paints a complex portrait of Mandela that goes beyond hagiography: it examines his quality of character, his theatrical flair, his maverick ability to absorb transnational influences, his steely survival skills, his postmodern ease with media image, and his ethical legacy.

Non Representational Theory: Space, Politics, Effect



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N. J. Thrift
Routledge, 2007 - 325

Written by a pioneer of this theoretical approach, this astonishing book promises to question the whole direction of social sciences methodology and makes essential reading for social sciences and humanities researchers and postgraduates. It revolves around three key functions: it introduces the rather dispersed discussion of non-representational theory to a wider audience it questions the whole direction of social sciences, methodologically, epistemologically and ontologically it provides more productive approaches to the social sciences. A groundbreaking and comprehensive introduction to this key topic, Thrift?s outstanding work brings together for the first time a body of work that has come to be known as non-representational theory. Although well-known in the social sciences, these theories have never before been assembled in one volume. Thrift?s noteworthy book therefore, makes a significant contribution to the literature in this area.

Political Transition: Politics and Culture


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Paul Gready
Pluto Press, 2003 - 301pages

In the twentieth century, many countries around the globe experienced rapid and often traumatic political transformations. From East Germany and Northern Ireland to Argentina, Chile and Zimbabwe, political transition has been momentous and has had a deep impact on the individual culture of each society.This collection explores these periods of political transition and the impact that they have had through an analysis of memory, identity, space/place and voice. Concentrating in particular on post-colonial and post-oppressive regimes in Europe, Southern Africa and Latin America, the contributors assess how individuals come to terms with rapid political change, and the enduring legacies of the past in the present. They examine how political transformations affect people's memories and identities, reworking spaces/places and voices, and how both offical and unofficial mechanisms set up to cope with these changes impact on these issues.Juxtaposing different country and regional experiences and different historical eras, this is a comprehensive guide to the vast range of issues involved in political transition that will appeal to a multidisciplinary audience.

Politics: A Very Short Introduction


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Kenneth R. Minogue
Oxford University Press, 2000 - 115pages

Series Copy
The new Very Short Introductions series offers concise and original introductions to a wide range of subjects from politics to classics. Not simply a textbook of definitions, each book in the series provides trenchant, provocative, yet balanced discussions on the central issues of the field, gives a readable historical account of the subject, and demonstrates how each particular area of study has developed and shaped society. Eventually, the series will encompass every major academic discipline, offering readers an affordable, accessible, and complete reference library. Stimulating and lively, the Very Short Introductions are indispensable guides and essential reading for anyone interested in the development of these influential fields.

Providing the general reader and the student with an introduction to the central issues of political science, A Very Short Introduction to Politics shows how political trends and maneuvers develop and how they help shape our society. Kenneth Minogue, with his lively and popular style, begins with a discussion of issues arising from a historical account of politics, and goes on to offer chapters dealing with the Ancient Greeks and the idea of citizenship; Roman law; medieval Christianity and individualism; freedom since Machiavelli and Hobbes; the challenge of ideologies; democracy, oligarchy, and bureaucracy; power and order in modern society; and politics in the West. Readable and pithy, this entertaining introduction is perfect for anyone looking for an accessible overview of the subject.

Perempuan di Panggung Politik

Perempuan di Panggung Politik

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Ufi Ulfiah
Rahima, Desember 2007 - 53 pages

Rethoric and Social Justice in Isaiah


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Mark Gray
Continuum International Publishing Group, 2006 - 306pages

Demonstrates the ways that social justice attains primacy in Isaiah, the ways that humanity if given a role in pursuing social justice, and the ways that Isaiah 58 impinges upon the idea of social justice. This book explores the nature and sources of the social justice encoded in the world.

Unholly Trinity: The IMF, World Bank and WTO



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Richard Peet
Zed Books, 2003 - 250pages

Our lives are all affected by three hugely powerful and well financed, but undemocratic, organizations: the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the World Trade Organization. These institutions share a common ideology. They aggressively promote "corporate" capitalism, neoliberalism, giving free rein to the interests of a small number of transnational corporations. This book presents the history and fundamental ideas of this economic ideology. Describing each member of the "unholy trinity," it shows how neoliberalism hijacked the IMF, World Bank and WTO in relation to their global financial, development and trade management roles.

Socialism: A Very Short Introduction


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Michael Newman
Oxford University Press, 2005 - 171pages

Today, most people think of socialism as an outdated ideology. In this Very Short Introduction, Michael Newman seeks to place the idea of socialism in a modern context for today's readers. He explains socialist ideas in the framework of its historical evolution, from the French Revolution to the present day, and examines practical attempts to implement socialism.

Not just another history of socialist ideas, this book aims for a different approach that looks at practice as well as theory--centering on the contrast between Communism and Social Democracy. The relationship between socialism and notions of democracy, freedom, and equality is also discussed. Newman brings the subject entirely up to date by tackling contemporary forms of socialism. While the book's focus is on Europe and the Soviet Union, it is set in a broader geographical context. Newman's fresh approach to the subject enables the reader to re-evaluate socialism.

Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA


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Tim Weiner
Anchor Books, 2008 - 812pages

With shocking revelations that made headlines in papers across the country, Pulitzer-Prize-winner Tim Weiner gets at the truth behind the CIA and uncovers here why nearly every CIA Director has left the agency in worse shape than when he found it; and how these profound failures jeopardize our national security.

Lincoln : A Very Short Introduction



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Allen C. Guelzo
Oxford University Press, 2009 - 147pages

"Abraham Lincoln was a fatalist who promoted freedom; he was a classical liberal who couched liberalism's greatest deed - emancipation of the slaves - in the unliberal language of divine providence; he was a religious doubter who became a national icon bordering on religion; and he was a rights-oriented liberal who appealed to natural law when confronting slavery"--Provided by publisher

Murder in Aubagne: Lynching, Law and Justice During The French Revolution


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D. M. G. Sutherland
Cambridge University Press, 2009 - 316pages

This is a study of faction, lynching, murder, terror and counter-terror during the French Revolution. It examines factionalism in small towns like Aubagne near Marseille, and how this produced the murders and prison massacres of 1795-8. Another major theme is the convergence of lynching from below with official Terror from above. Although the Terror may have been designed to solve a national emergency in the spring of 1793, in southern France it permitted one faction to continue a struggle against its enemies, a struggle that had begun earlier over local issues like taxation and governance. It uses the techniques of micro-history to tell the story of the small town of Aubagne. It then extends the scope to places nearby like Marseille, Arles, and Aix-en-Provence. Along the way, it illuminates familiar topics like the activity of Clubs and revolutionary tribunals and then explores largely unexamined areas like lynching, the sociology of faction, the emergence of theories of violent fraternal democracy, and the nature of the White Terror.

Nationalism : A Very Short Introduction


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Steven Elliott Grosby
Oxford University Press, 2005 - 142pages

Throughout history, humanity has borne witness to the political and moral challenges that arise when people place national identity above allegiance to geo-political states or international communities. This book discusses the concept of nations and nationalism from social, philosophical,
 
geological, theological and anthropological perspectives. It examines the subject through conflicts past and present, including recent conflicts in the Balkans and the Middle East, rather than exclusively focusing on theory. Above all, this fascinating and comprehensive work clearly shows how
feelings of nationalism are an inescapable part of being human.

Idiology: A Very Short Introduction


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Michael Freeden
Oxford University Press, 2003 - 142pages

Ideology is one of the most controversial terms in the political vocabulary, exciting both revulsion and inspiration. This book examines the reasons for those views, and explains why ideologies deserve respect as a major form of political thinking. It investigates the centrality of ideology both as a political phenomenon and as an organizing framework of political thought and action. It explores the changing understandings of ideology as a concept, and the arguments of the main ideologies. By employing the latest insights from a range of disciplines, the reader is introduced to the vitality and force of a crucial resource at the disposal of societies, through which sense and purpose is assigned to the political world.

Inclined to Liberty: The Futile Attempt to Suppress The Human Spirit



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Louis E. Carabini
Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2008 - 112 pages

Reader Review
I have read dozens of books on the topic of liberty and Inclined to Liberty is definitely one of the best I have come across. Louis Carabini does a great job at presenting the ideas in an easy to understand, concise method. I recommended this book as a great, short book which covers important concepts of liberty and dispels many of the common arguments against freedom. It would be an excellent book for people who are new or hostile to the message of liberty as well as those who are already familiar with and in favor of the philosophy. Mitchell Port at amazon.com

Interpreting the Political: New Methodologies



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Terrell Carver, Matti Hyvärinen
Routledge, 1997 - 177 pages

"Interpreting the Political" explores the way that interpretations are constructed and pursued in political action. Each article in this collection develops a methodology appropriate to a substantive problem in politics.
The collection is broad in its geographical scope, ranging from Ireland to South Africa, the US to Finland. The authors redefine the notion of the "political" by considering the socio-linguistic construction of "the self" and "identity," looking at the symbolic power of national anthems, discourses of sexual politics, the politics of political science textbooks, and the role of the researcher in fieldwork. Each contribution addresses concrete issues in highly contextualized circumstances. "Interpreting the Political" reflects a commitment to methodological pluralism and the reconstruction of political science as a wide-ranging discipline.
Contributors: Josef Bleicher, Valerie Bresnihan, Terrell Carver, James Der Derian, Andres du Toit, Matti Hyvarinen, Marja Keranen, Veronique Mottier, Kari Palonen, Mary Robinson, Klaus Sondermann.

Power and Its Disguises : Antropological Perspectives on Politics



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John Gledhill
Pluto Press, 2000 - 272pages

In this fully updated edition of Power and Its Disguises, John Gledhill explores both the complexities of local situations and the power relations that shape the global order. He shows how historically informed anthropological perspectives can contribute to debates about democratisation by incorporating a ‘view from below’ and revealing forces that shape power relations behind the formal facade of state institutions. Examples are drawn from Brazil, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, Indonesia, India, Mexico, Peru, Sierra Leone, South Africa and Sri Lanka, amongst others.

Encyclopedia of Political Science, Political Economy and the Political History of the United States

Encyclopedia of Political Science, Political Economy and the Political History of the United States

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John J Lalor

Maynard, Merryl and co
New York 1899, 5699 pages

Law : A Very Short Introduction



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Raymond Wacks
Oxford University Press, 2008 - 172pages

Law underlies our society -it protects our rights, imposes duties on each of us, and establishes a framework for the conduct of almost every social, political, and economic activity. The punishment of crime, compensation of the injured, and the enforcement of contracts are merely some of the
tasks of a modern legal system. It also strives to ensure justice, promote freedom, and protect our security. The result is a system that, while it touches all of our daily lives, is properly understood by only a few, with its impenetrable jargon, obsolete procedures, and interminable stream of
Byzantine statutes and judgments of the courts. This clear, jargon-free Very Short Introduction cuts introduces the essentials of law and legal systems in a lively, accessible, and stimulating manner. Explaining the main concepts, terms, and processes of the legal system, it focuses on the Western
tradition, but also examines other legal systems, such as customary law and Islamic law. And it looks to the future too, as globalization and rapid advances in technology place increasing strain on our current legal system.
Raymond Wacks is Emeritus Professor of Law and Legal Theory at the University of Hong Kong. His books include Understanding Jurisprudence: An Introduction to Legal Theory (OUP, 2005); and Philosophy of Law: A Very Short Introduction (OUP 2006). He has appeared on BBC television, and CNN and BBC
radio, and has written for publications such as The Times (London), the New Statesman, and The Spectator.

Forced Justice: School Desegration and the Law

   
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David J. Armor
Oxford University Press, 1996 - 288pages

School desegregation and "forced" busing first brought people to the barricades during the 1960s and 1970s, and the idea continues to spark controversy today whenever it is proposed. A quiet rage smolders in hundreds of public school systems, where court- ordered busing plans have been in place for over twenty years. Intended to remedy the social and educational disadvantages of minorities, desegregation policy has not produced any appreciable educational gains, while its political and social costs have been considerable. Now, on the fortieth anniversary of the Supreme Court's epic decision, Brown v. Board of Education, the legal and social justifications for school desegregation are ripe for

reexamination.
In Forced Justice, David J. Armor explores the benefits and drawbacks of voluntary and involuntary desegregation plans, especially those in communities with "magnet" schools. He finds that voluntary plans, which let parents decide which school program is best for their children, are just as effective in attaining long-term desegregation as mandatory busing, and that these plans generate far greater community support. Armor concludes by proposing a new policy of "equity" choice, which draws upon the best features of both the desegregation and choice movements. This policy promises both improved desegregation and greater educational choices for all, especially for the disadvantaged minority children in urban systems who now have the fewest educational choices.

The debate over desegregation policy and its many consequences needs to move beyond academic journals and courtrooms to a larger audience. In addition to educators and policymakers, Forced Justice will be an important book for social scientists, attorneys and specialists in civil rights issues, and all persons concerned about the state of public education.

Frontiers of Justice: Disability, Nationality, Species Membership


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Martha Craven Nussbaum
Harvard University Press, 2006 - 487pages

Theories of social justice are necessarily abstract, reaching beyond the particular and the immediate to the general and the timeless. Yet such theories, addressing the world and its problems, must respond to the real and changing dilemmas of the day. A brilliant work of practical philosophy, Frontiers of Justice is dedicated to this proposition. Taking up three urgent problems of social justice neglected by current theories and thus harder to tackle in practical terms and everyday life, Martha Nussbaum seeks a theory of social justice that can guide us to a richer, more responsive approach to social cooperation.

The idea of the social contract--especially as developed in the work of John Rawls--is one of the most powerful approaches to social justice in the Western tradition. But as Nussbaum demonstrates, even Rawls's theory, suggesting a contract for mutual advantage among approximate equals, cannot address questions of social justice posed by unequal parties. How, for instance, can we extend the equal rights of citizenship--education, health care, political rights and liberties--to those with physical and mental disabilities? How can we extend justice and dignified life conditions to all citizens of the world? And how, finally, can we bring our treatment of nonhuman animals into our notions of social justice? Exploring the limitations of the social contract in these three areas, Nussbaum devises an alternative theory based on the idea of "capabilities." She helps us to think more clearly about the purposes of political cooperation and the nature of political principles--and to look to a future of greater justice for all.

Game Theory : A Very Short Introduction



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K. G. Binmore
Oxford University Press, 2007 - 184pages

Games are everywhere: Drivers maneuvering in heavy traffic are playing a driving game. Bargain hunters bidding on eBay are playing an auctioning game. The supermarket's price for corn flakes is decided by playing an economic game. This Very Short Introduction offers a succinct tour of the fascinating world of game theory, a ground-breaking field that analyzes how to play games in a rational way. Ken Binmore, a renowned game theorist, explains the theory in a way that is both entertaining and non-mathematical yet also deeply insightful, revealing how game theory can shed light on everything from social gatherings, to ethical decision-making, to successful card-playing strategies, to calculating the sex ratio among bees. With mini-biographies of many fascinating, and occasionally eccentric, founders of the subject--including John Nash, subject of the movie A Beautiful Mind--this book offers a concise overview of a cutting-edge field that has seen spectacular successes in evolutionary biology and economics, and is beginning to revolutionize other disciplines from psychology to political science.

Gandhy: A Very Short Introduction



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Bhikhu C. Parekh
Oxford University Press, 2001 - 140pages

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948) was one of the few men in history to fight simultaneously on moral, religious, political, social, economic, and cultural fronts. During his time as a lawyer in  South Africa he developed his strategy of non-violence: the idea of opposing unjust laws by non-violent protest. He led the Indian National Congress party in three major campaigns against British rule, each culminating in his arrest.
In Gandhi, a short introduction to Gandhi's life and thought, Bhikhu Parekh outlines both Gandhi's major philosophical insights and the limitations of his thought. Written with extensive access to Gandhi's writings in Indian languages to which most commentators have little or no access, Parekh looks at Gandhi's cosmocentric anthropology, his spiritual view of politics, and his theories of oppression, non-violent action, and active citizenship. He also considers how the success of Gandhi's principles were limited by his lack of coherent theories of evil, and of state and power. Gandhi's view of man as ascetic allows no room for expressions of the cultural, artistic, or intellectual. Furthermore, he was so hostile to modern civilization that he was unable to appreciate its complex dialectic or offer a meaningful narrative.
Nevertheless, Gandhi's life and thought had an enormous impact on the Indian nation, and he continues to be widely revered--known before and after his assassination as Mahatma, the Great Soul

Logics of Critical Explanation in Social and Political Theory



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Jason Glynos, David R. Howarth
Routledge, 2007 - 264pages


The Social Science Wars have precipitated a renewed interest in the character, purpose and methods of social science. Positivists and naturalists are criticized by interpretivists and critical theorists, while quantitative researchers are challenged by those who favour qualitative and ethnographic techniques. In turn, mainstream social scientists have responded with a vigorous defence and restatement of their commitments. Logics of Critical Explanation in Social and Political Theory proposes a novel approach to practising social and political analysis based on the role of logics. The authors articulate a distinctive perspective on social science explanation that avoids the problems of scientism and subjectivism by steering a careful course between lawlike explanations and thick descriptions. Drawing upon hermeneutics, poststructuralism, psychoanalysis, and post-analytical philosophy, this new approach offers a particular set of logics a?? social, political andfantasmatic a?? with which to construct critical explanations of practices and regimes. While the first part of the book critically engages with lawlike, interpretivist and causal approaches to critical explanation, the second part elaborates an alternative grammar of concepts informed by an ontological stance rooted in poststructuralist theory. In developing this approach, a number of empirical cases are included to illustrate its basic concepts and logics, ranging from the apartheid regime in South Africa to recent changes in higher education. The book will be a valuable tool for scholars and researchers in a variety of related fields of study in the social sciences, especially the disciplines of political science and political theory, international relations, social theory, cultural studies, anthropology and philosophy.

Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Toward a Radical Democratic Politics



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Ernesto Laclau, Chantal Mouffe
Verso, 2001 - 198pages

Now is the present crisis of left-wing thought to be understood? To what extent does it call into the question the idea of social totality that underpinned Marxism and many other socialist theories? Does the concept of hegemony imply a new logic that goes beyond the essentialism of classical Marxist thought?

These are some of the questions that this now seminal book attempts to answer. It traces the genealogy of the present crisis, from the late nineteenth-century debates on working-class unity through to the contemporary emergence of new forms of struggle, making it a classic text both for understanding the concept of hegemony and for focusing on present social struggles and their significance for democratic

Human Rights: A Very Short Introduction


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Andrew Clapham
Oxford University Press, 2007 - 193pages
 
From the controversial incarceration of prisoners at Guantanamo Bay, to the brutal ethnic cleansing being practiced in Darfur, to the widespread denial of equal rights to women in many areas of the world, human rights violations are a constant presence in the news and in our lives. Taking an international perspective, and focusing on highly topical issues such as torture, arbitrary detention, privacy, health, and discrimination, this Very Short Introduction will help readers to understand for themselves the controversies and complexities behind this vitally relevant issue. Looking at the philosophical justification for rights, the historical origins of human rights and how they are formed in law, Andrew Clapham explains what our human rights actually are, what they might be, and where the human rights movement is heading

Fifty Key Thinkers on Development


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David Simon
Taylor & Francis, 2006 - 301pages

Fifty Key Thinkers on Developmentis the essential guide to the world's most influential development thinkers. It presents a unique guide to the lives and ideas of leading contributors to the contested terrain of development studies from both North and South. David Simon has assembled a highly authoritative team of contributors from different backgrounds and disciplines to reflect on the lives and contributions of fifty leading development thinkers from around the world. These include: Modernizers like Hirshman, Kindleberger and Rostow Dependencies such as Frank, Cardoso and Amin Progressives like Prebisch, Helleiner and Streeten Political leaders enunciating radical alternative visions of development, such as Mao, Nkrumah and Nyerere Progenitors of religiously or spiritually inspired development, such as Gandhi and Ariyaratne Development-environment thinkers like Blaikie, Brookfield and Shiva This invaluable reference is a conciseand accessible introduction to the lives and key contributions of development thinkers from across the ideological and disciplinary spectrum

Fifty Major Political Thinkers



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Ian Adams, R. W. Dyson
Routledge, 2007 - 253pages

Fifty Major Political Thinkers 2nd edition introduces the lives and ideas of some of the most influential figures in Western political thought, from ancient Greece to the present day. The entries provide a fascinating introduction to the major figures and schools of thought that have shaped contemporary politics, including: Aristotle Simone de Beauvoir Michel Foucault Mohandas Gandhi Jurgen Habermas Machiavelli Karl Marx Thomas Paine Jean-Jacques Rousseau Mary Wollstonecraft Fully cross-referenced and including a glossary of theoretical terms, this wide-ranging and accessible book is essential reading for anyone with an interest in the evolution and history of contemporary political thought.

Framming the Future: How Progressive Values Can Win Elections and Influence People



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Bernie Horn
Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 2008 - 175pages

Horn offers readers an original, field-tested framework of values and shows how progressives can use it to find common ground with mainstream voters, demonstrating that their positions are more in sync with American ideals than conservative politicians views.